Cold Day

When will this cold weather end? Spring Break is next week, and it’s still getting into the thirties every night. This Florida boy gets pretty cranky when exposed to the cold for too long. Besides, we want to begin planting our garden.

Yesterday, in my New Media seminar, we began talking — perhaps a bit off-topic — about how the media has made debates out of issues that are not actively debated by those coming from the same premises. Indeed, if you are to ever have a meaningful discussion that actually goes somewhere, you must start at an agreed-upon location. For example, the scientific community does not debate evolution and global climate change — currently two big controversial topics in the media. Science sees truth from without — something to be observed, measured, calculated, quantified, and reported. If the observations reported by one scientist can be replicated by the community, it becomes a theory. A scientific theory is another word for “local truth.” What a theory states is that all evidence here and now point to this conclusion.

Other truths come from within, like religious truths. As an anti-theist, I do not believe in the reality of these truths, but I do see their power and presence is others’ lives. In fact, it seems like religious truths do more damage to us as human beings than they help. This is not to say that I dislike religious people: I know and admire many people who consider themselves devout. But, to my point. Religious truths, or “faith,” or “belief,” comes from within. These beliefs are usually called Truths by the faithful — they are rules and dicta given by God, never to be questioned, only followed. You know, like commandments.

So when religious Truth and scientific truth seem to be discussing the same thing, they really aren’t because they don’t starting from the same premise. The scientific community does not doubt the billions of pieces of evidence that supports evolution and are therefore not arguing about it. But a religious conviction — stemming from their investment in a particular world view — makes them cloak their creation narrative into a pseudo-scientific sounding approach — Creationism or Intelligent Design — in order to dupe the general public into believing that creation myths hold the same scientific weight as evolution.

And the twenty-four-hour news media falls right into their hands. You gotta fill 24 hours with something.

Now don’t get me wrong. I’m a student of literature, so I’m a proponent of narrative, and mythology fascinates me. Stories contain the essence of who we are and who aspire to be, but I don’t think there’s anything intrinsically universal about a narrative. Stories, like science, are situated in a particular place and time — and they always speak to us from there and then. We might, like the Poet asks the Muse, to sing it to us for our time, but we must keep in mind the local hopes and dreams from which narratives flow. Narrative is about translating reality into our language — about explaining the universe around us and how we fit into it.

Both science and religion, therefore, have the same goal. They just begin from a different place. Both narratives are valid, but they shouldn’t pretend to be what they’re not.

Another example of confused narratives is global warming. The theory of global warming is simple: we humans, by rapidly burning fossil fuels, release an excess of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which acts as a greenhouse, trapping excess heat and raising the earth’s global mean temperature. The goal: find out why the world is getting hotter. Science explains it’s because our technologically driven society unearths and burns all the carbon that the earth has buried in the ground over millions of years. The rapid release of carbon dioxide is warming the planet: more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means higher mean global temperatures.

The other narrative claims that global warming is not caused by the rapid burning of fossil fuels — that global temperature change is a naturally occuring phenomenon. Again, this is an invented narrative — one that is not part of the scientific discourse on global warming — but one that has entered the public media space as a viable and logical counterpoint to the facts. One based on faith, if you will. The consequences range from sad to sadder.

Several years ago, I had a discussion with Mr. Al (that’s what my wife calls him), a local friend of my wife’s family. Mr. Al suggested that he and I meet to discuss ways that I might win over Autumn’s father. While the bulk of this story is one for another blog, Mr. Al told me about the time that Jesus appeared to him in his truck. If I remember correctly, Mr. Al was having profound doubts about his Christian faith, and he was driving down a country road in the middle of a moral crisis. It was a stormy day, but suddenly the clouds broke, and a ray of sunshine seemed to shower his truck with heavenly light. Mr. Al noticed that Jesus sat next to him in the passenger’s seat. Mr. Al stoped the truck, and Jesus told him not to veer from the path. “Since that day,” Mr. Al waved some cancelled checks in his hand, “I have given as much as I can to the church.” The checks did have pretty sizable sums printed on them. Mr. Al has done well for himself. And Jesus.

The point of the lesson was clear: his investment in this narrative is extensive. One does not just walk away from such a huge outpouring of venture capital.

Our investment in our way of life is important. Our economy thrives on the burning of fossil fuels, and those who have controlled the means are not willing to consider alternatives. So let’s muddle the debate, mix our metaphors, just say no.

But, Jerry, you started this entry talking about how cold it is and you end with global warming? In fact, this is the coldest winter I remember. Well?

Hm, that is weird. Brrr.

Science Questions

Scienctific American posted some questions about science for the presidential candidates that need to be answered. While both candidates have expressed some opinions on the pressing scientific issues of the day, more details need to be forthcoming.

Yeah, this is true not only in science, but other policy concerns as well. I suspect we’ll hear some more details in the upcoming debate.

Obama outlines his views on technology and energy. And here’s McCain on “American energy.” See a difference? Both seem concerned with oil first, only then do they mention alternative energy. Hm.

See also Obama’s Cleantech site.

Virgin Birth

Today, New Scientist reports that stem cells can now be harvested without controversy through parthenogenesis, where an egg keeps two sets of chromosomes and begins to develop as if it’s been fertilized. However, an embryo cannot live past a few days by using this “virgin birth” method: “And that, according to its proponents, is the beauty of the technique as far as stem cells are concerned: it produces embryos that could never become human beings. So destroying these embryos to obtain stem cells would avoid the ethical concerns that have led to restrictions or bans on embryonic stem cell research in many countries.” Why does this sound too simple, like a machine that makes oil from animal bits? Sounds too much like cloning, or messing in god’s domain for many to readily buy this, especially couched in the religiously charged language the article employs.

Terraforming & Time Travel

Men are weak now, and yet they transform the Earth’s surface. In millions of years their might will increase to the extent that they will change the surface of the Earth, its oceans, the atmosphere, and themselves. They will control the climate and the Solar System just as they control the Earth. They will travel beyond the limits of our planetary system; they will reach other Suns.
—Konstantin Tsiolkovsky c.1926

An article on AdAstra examines both the science and the fiction about humanity’s possible efforts to terraform other worlds. Issues like manifest destiny and ecology lie at the center of this debate that, as the article points out, is largely religious: “Disagreements rooted in faith, belief and longing. What you won’t hear, usually, is good science.” Asteroids make a potentially more suitable target of this Herculean effort, but the current debate centers around Mars. I might be cynical, but judging by how we’ve changed this planet, it seems likely that our technology will advance to a point that the science will catch up to the fiction and allow us to spread ourselves through the solar system and eventually through the galaxy. Why is Bush pushing for Mars? Is there oil there? The article speculates that we ourselves might have to change in order to live on other planets: physically and well as psychologically.

In other science (fiction) news: With the current season of Dr. Who coming to a close (did you hear that Christopher Eccleston will not be coming back — d’oh!), a new theory posits that time travel could actually be possible but only in a way that would compliment our current reality. That is, you could not, say, split up your some jerk’s grandparents to cause him to never have been born, or assassinate Hitler before his contribution to world history. This new quantum model only allows for observation, not interference. Sounds much safer that way.

New Evolution Web Site Combats Metaphysics

Via Wired: The National Academies has created a web site that seeks to educate the public about the theory of evolution and combat the narratives of “intelligent design.” The Wired article also links to another informative site on this subject: The National Center for Science Education (a new daily read for me). Hey, I’m all for debating “intelligent design,” just not in a science classroom. Apropos this discussion is this link from BoingBoing about some solid academic research on the subject. Oh Lordy.

Digital Dorian Gray

Via BoingBoing:

In Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, the eponymous subject keeps his youthful looks while the vagaries of age are visited upon his portrait in the attic. Now a digital version of Wilde’s idea is being developed to show you what you will look like in five years’ time if you take no exercise, eat too much junk food and drink too much alcohol.

Read more at NewScientist. I read something similar about a computer that extrapolates whether or not, based on an hour’s observation, a couple’s marriage will last five years. I believe the computer could predict with a 95% chance of being correct. I’m not sure where I saw this story, but it’s getting closer to computers being less stupid.

Chimeras

Via /.: For those of you who think I’m obsessed with science fiction, well here’s some science, reported on the National Geographic web site, that suggests we all should pay a bit more attention:

Scientists have begun blurring the line between human and animal by producing chimeras — a hybrid creature that’s part human, part animal.

Chinese scientists at the Shanghai Second Medical University in 2003 successfully fused human cells with rabbit eggs. The embryos were reportedly the first human-animal chimeras successfully created. They were allowed to develop for several days in a laboratory dish before the scientists destroyed the embryos to harvest their stem cells.

As the article suggests, this is not an isolated occurrence: scientists all over the world are involved in experiments like these. The article goes on to posit these questions: “What new subhuman combination should be produced and for what purpose? At what point would it be considered human? And what rights, if any, should it have?” Indeed, but couldn’t the same be said for artificial intelligences, including robots? Presently there are not ethical guidelines or laws that cover such research, but you can bet that the Dubya Administration will have something evangelical to say just before they attempt to ban it.

Moral Fashion

“Do you have any opinions that you would be reluctant to express in front of a group of your peers?” Indeed. Paul Graham takes up an issue in “What You Can’t Say” that has been central to my life since my move to Macon about a year-and-a-half ago. I knew relocating deeper into God’s country, specifically Baptist, would be a change, but I was not aware of just how much of a change it would be. Graham’s analysis seems very astute and strikes at the heart of a real problem, especially in the heart of Georgia. I have no wish to generalize, but religious politics are crucial to a happy life here, it seems by my limited experience. Thanks for the link, G.

Dodgy Science Fiction

Today, Mark Ward of the BBC laments the lack of hard science in film these days. He states: “A strange idiocy seems to have over-taken the makers of blockbusters such as The Matrix Reloaded, Star Wars: Attack of the Clones and others who are bolstering their creations with some decidedly dodgy science.” Well, this might be the case, but sf has hardly had a history of remaining true to science. In fact, while most science fiction aficionados tend to agree that “hard” sf (based on what we know about science at the time and then extrapolating what that science means for culture) is generally the best, fantasy and horror often use the trappings of sf for a fun story. Some of these, like the original Star Wars, use technology to explore foundational mythologies like good and evil, heroism, and epical struggle as the albeit simple cornerstones of much western mythology. We don’t need science for that, do we? Isn’t science also a mythology?

In fact, while hard sf might be the literature of the genre, well, we all know — including Hollywood — that literature doesn’t necessarily sell. While fun for us geeks, hard sf would probably bore a typical audience wanting aliens, explosions, and warp speed. Would I like to see more science in film? Youbetcha. Did I still like Ang Lee’s The Hulk. Yep. (Yet, I do have to draw the line at John Woo’s Face Off. I can only disbelieve so much.)

The Science of the Night

I touch you in the night, whose gift was you,
My careless sprawler,
And I touch you cold, unstirring, star-bemused,
That have become the land of your self-strangeness.
What long seduction of the bone has led you
Down the imploring roads I cannot take
Into the arms of ghosts I never knew,
Leaving my manhood on a rumpled field
To guard you where you lie so deep
In absent-mindedness,
Caught in the calcium snows of sleep?

And even should I track you to your birth
Through all the cities of your mortal trial,
As in my jealous thought I try to do,
You would escape me–from the brink of earth
Take off to where the lawless auroras run,
You with your wild and metaphysic heart.
My touch is on you, who are light-years gone.
We are not souls but systems, and we move
In clouds of our unknowing
                                               like great nebulae.
Our very motives swirl and have their start
With father lion and with mother crab.
Dreamer, my own lost rib,
Whose planetary dust is blowing
Past archipelagoes of myth and light
What far Magellans are you mistress of
To whom you speed the pleasure of your art?
As through a glass that magnifies my loss
I see the lines of your spectrum shifting red,
The universe expanding, thinning out,
Our worlds flying, oh flying, fast apart.

From hooded powers and from abstract flight
I summon you, your person and your pride.
Fall to me now from outer space,
Still fastened desperately to my side;
Through gulfs of streaming air
Bring me the mornings of the milky ways
Down to my threshold in your drowsy eyes;
And by the virtue of your honeyed word
Restore the liquid language of the moon,
That in gold mines of secrecy you delve.
Awake!
              My whirling hands stay at the noon,
Each cell within my body holds a heart
And all my hearts in unison strike twelve.

–Stanley Kunitz